In this paper, we will use spatial econometric analysis and static comparison analysis methods to study on the regional spatial impact and time gradient changes of Beijing-Shanghai Railway.

本文采用空间计量分析和比较静态分析的方法，研究京沪铁路对沿线区域空间结构的影响以及这种影响的时间梯度变化。

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The two-10-year spread also flattened hugely with the gradient of the curve falling below 200 basis points (2%) for the first time since October and ahead of the expected second round of quantitative easing.

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Pushed for time and strapped for cash, the engineers laid eight miles of track straight up Big Hill, at a gradient more than twice the safe maximum.

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