The equation smoothes out the irregularities of an object, transforming it mathematically into something that looks like a uniform three-dimensional sphere.
His conjecture, made in 1904, was that in this four-dimensional world, all closed three-dimensional surfaces that are simply connected could be transformed to look like a three-dimensional sphere.
Speaking of batteries, a new lithium-ion battery developed by USC utilizes nano-sphere technology to store three times more energy while cutting charge time down to just 10 minutes.