Second, it examines the 'BRIC' as a symbolic condensation of 'hope' knowledge and shows how this signifier evolved in three overlapping moments referring to its role as investor, consumer and lender.

其次，检查“金砖四国”为“希望”知识符号凝聚，并显示在这个符号在三个重叠的时刻指的是其作为投资者，消费者和贷款人的角色如何演变。

youdao

So that what's new in Saussure's thinking about the relationship between signified and signifier is that the sign tied up in this relationship is both arbitrary and differential.

这就是索绪尔所贡献的了,能指和所指的关系,也就是符号的组成方式,是任意的，有差别的。

耶鲁公开课 - 文学理论导论课程节选