It will never be known how and when this numeration ability developed, but it is certain that numeration was well developed by the time humans had formed even semi-permanent settlements.

我们永远也不会知道这种计算能力是何时、如何发展起来的，但可以肯定的是，在人类形成半永久定居点的时候，这种计数法已经发展得很好了。

youdao

This is currently the most efficient way to transmit certain types of data like electronic mail.

这是目前传输电子邮件等某类数据最有效的方法。

《柯林斯英汉双解大词典》

The New York Times's publisher, Arthur Sulzberger, acknowledged that the move is a gamble: "This is a bet , to a certain degree, in where we think the web is going."

《纽约时报》的出版人阿瑟·苏兹伯格承认，此举是在赌博：“从某种程度上，这是在赌我们所认为的互联网的前进方向。”

youdao

"Whereas the oil industry may find it business as usual to have a certain number of spills, it is really not acceptable, especially in this day and age.

VOA: special.2011.07.08

Now this may suggest a certain condescension both toward theory and toward literary text, which is not at all intended.

选择这篇文章也许意味着,要对理论和文本进行一定的浓缩，这一点不是我想要的。

耶鲁公开课 - 文学理论导论课程节选

When people study stereotypes they often make certain distinctions between three levels of stereotypes and this is nicely summarized here.

当人们研究刻板印象时,他们通常会区分,三个层次的刻板印象,这里已经清楚地总结起来了。

耶鲁公开课 - 心理学导论课程节选

But of course, none of this is certain.

FORBES: Tomorrow's TWO Likely Winners: Mitt Romney...and President Obama

But too little of this is certain.

ECONOMIST: The Arab spring

Callisto, too, may have an ocean beneath its icy surface, though this is less certain.

ECONOMIST: Galileo and Jupiter