The recognition to solution theory early and foundation of ionization theory and formation of ion hydration are introduced.

介绍了对溶液理论的早期认识、电离学说的创立和离子水化的形成过程。

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We use the theory of ADK tunneling ionization to put forward a method that can indirectly measure the laser field strength, which has an important bearing on the experiment.

我们利用ADK隧穿电离理论提出了一种可以间接的测定激光场强度的方法，这对实验有着重要的意义。

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Based on relativity quantum defect theory of ions energy levels, an expression of ionization energies of helium-like ions has been given.

依据离子能级的相对论量子亏损理论，给出了类氦离子电离能的一种表达式。

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