原因 与条件（cause and condition）；重大性因素测试（the substantial test）；公平的可归属的 原因 （ justly attachable cause ）；规则体系理论（systems of rules）；直接后果理论（the direct conseque...
Although the three plus months spent here at the start of 2012 falls short of the 183 days required for residency status in the U.S., thesubstantial presence test should be enough for most players to be considered U.S. residents for 2012.
"I expect we will meet thetest for substantial improvement in the outlook for the labor market by this summer, " Mr. Williams said in a speech in Los Angeles.