Under the different temperatures, the growth &mushroom-budding condition of different size of Phallus impudicus fungus-bud which treated with culture soil and non-soil were studied.

通过对野生白鬼笔菌蕾进行无土处理及有土栽培分组，研究了不同大小的菌蕾在不同的温度条件下的生长发育及出菇情况。

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While the middle finger may historically have symbolised a phallus, it has lost that distinctive meaning and is no longer even obscene, says Ira Robbins, a law professor at American University in Washington DC, who has studied the gesture's place in criminal jurisprudence.

BBC: When did the middle finger become offensive?