Deferring to historical custom, astronomers, measure the apparent brightness of stars through the magnitude scale, a very confusing way.
按照历史习惯，天文学家用星等标这种容易使人混淆的方法来度量恒星的视亮度。
When viewing extended objects, the apparent brightness seen in the eyepiece is a function only of aperture and magnification, it is not related to focal ratio.
当观察扩展光源时，目镜中所看到的亮度只跟孔径和放大率有关，它跟焦比并没有关系。
This is the first study in the world to use the reflection of the Earth to measure the effect of continents and oceans on the apparent brightness of a planet.
这是世界上首次利用地照来研究陆地和海洋对行星表面亮度的影响。 在其他研究中，已经使用色谱和红外传感技术来确认植物以及进行气候监测。
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