One is that in 2001, when he was still Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger, he signed an ill-phrased document that appears to order that child-abuse cases be dealt with in secret.

ECONOMIST: Paedophilia and the Catholic church

Takichi Nishiyama, the Mainichi Daily reporter who uncovered one secret pact in 1972, remembers the day he obtained a Foreign Ministry document that proved the existence of a clandestine deal.

NPR: Japan Confirms Secret Nuclear Pacts With U.S.

The alleged document, dated December 10, 2006, states that then-Libyan intelligence chief Moussa Koussa authorized secret payments to Sarkozy through an intermediary, Mediapart reports.

CNN: Report: Gadhafi gave to Sarkozy's 2007 campaign