Like many other developers with a history in telecom, I learned that when you build a telephone switch, regulations say it must provide dial tone in 40ms, a difficult requirement to achieve.

像许多常年混迹于电信行业中的开发人员一样，我所学习到的是，若实现一个电话交换，则一定要在40毫秒内发出拨号音，这是一个难以实现的需求。

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Aiming at the DMS-100 switch of northern telecom in Canada, adopting the XFER protocol, experience solved the problem of "Handwork Collection, Decentralization Charging" first.

针对加拿大北方电讯的DMS - 100交换机，采用XFER协议，首次解决了“手工采集、分散计费”的问题。

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The Digital Program Control Switch System, which based on the circuit switch, is still the main means of telecommunication field and plays an important role in the telecom network system.

以电路交换为基础的程控交换技术在当前的通信网中占有重要比重，它仍是当前通信的主要手段和研究内容。

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For now, Wall Street believes in Cisco chief John Chambers, the Billy Graham of Internet Protocol, who proselytizes that the entire telecom world will make a fast conversion to IP, abandoning the "circuit switch" networks in which Lucent reigns.

FORBES: Wired and restless

They are devising ways to send optical signals vast distances without the need for expensive electronic goosing, tinkering with mirrors to switch and bend light in new ways and trimming costs to open up entirely new parts of the telecom infrastructure.

FORBES: Hooked on photonics