For instance, Craig Venter's Synthetic Genomics and other companies are trying to develop microbes that turn coal, tar shale and oil into methane.

例如，克雷格·文特尔(Craig Venter)的合成基因学说，以及其他一些公司正在试图开发把碳、页岩焦油和原油变为甲烷的微生物。

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There are also unconventional oil resources now being brought to the market, including shale oil from tar sands.

也有包括从焦油沙中提炼的页岩油等，非传统的石油资源被引入市场。

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In Estonia three types of shale tar have been used as alternatives to anthracene oil or carbolineum.

在爱沙尼亚，已有三种页岩焦油用作蒽油或氯化蒽油的替换物。

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Unconventional sources of oil and gas that are set for further exploitation include Canada's tar sands, shale and coal-bed methane deposits around the world.

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Even if new finds elsewhere have been rarer and less accessible than in the past, vast quantities of oil could now be profitably stripped from tar sands and shale.

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Oil shale and tar sands are other sources of liquid fuel that are harder on the environment than petroleum.

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