The system of patent-granting, which confers temporary monopolies for the exploitation of new technologies, was originally established as an incentive to the pursuit of risky new ideas.

专利授予制度为开发新技术提供了暂时的垄断地位，它最初的建立是为了激励人们追求有风险的新想法。

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The second part reviews the system of patent indirect infringement in America, Japan and EU.

第二部分着重比较分析了美国、日本和欧盟的专利间接侵权制度。

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For a long time, the system of patent abuse has always been seen as an equalization system which is created by the court to prevent unfair behaviors.

长期以来，专利权滥用制度也一直被看作是法院在防止不公平时所创立的一种衡平制度。

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For of course we have the entire patent system of the United States of America telling us that the two are absolutely not the same thing.

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This would help to measure the quality of the patent system itself, and offer some way of evaluating whether it is working to promote innovation, or to impede it.

ECONOMIST: Intellectual property

Moreover, the law does little to address the more basic problem of a patent system that has grown in expense for all kinds of companies that want to protect their ideas.

ECONOMIST: Intellectual property