By restricting knowledge of the system to a single layer, a boundary is placed on the overall system complexity, promoting substrate independence.

通过将系统知识限制在单个层，可以限制整个系统的复杂性，促进了底层的独立性。

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QuantaDyn selected Independence IDX 4000 Image Generators (IG) from Quantum3D to update the U.S. Air Force\'s KC-135 Boom Operator Weapons System Trainer (BOWST).

QuantaDyn公司选择了Quantum3D公司的Independence IDX 4000 图像发生器，对美空军KC-135飞机加油操作员武器系统训练器（BOWST）进行升级。

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Platform Independence Model is one of key models in Model Driven Architecture(MDA), and the quality of under development system is decided by PIM's accuracy.

平台无关模型是模型驱动架构（MDA）中关键模型之一，它的精确性直接关系到待发系统的质量。

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Universities have complained that the current A-level system does not stretch pupils sufficiently or give them the intellectual independence and curiosity needed for degree-level study.

BBC: A-level students facing shake-up

Thousands of disabled people could lose some benefits because of last-minute changes to the new system of Personal Independence Payments, campaigners say.

BBC: Walking stick