Some have designed algorithms that use satellite data on surface temperatures to calculate the rate at which plants are absorbing and transpiring water.

一些人已经设计了各种算法，可利用卫星针对地表温度收集数据，计算出地球吸收和蒸发水分的速率。

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The results indicated that the temperature of the surface and middle-level water in reservoir dropped, and then it could inhibit the birth rate of algae cells.

结果表明，通过试验，表、中层水体的温度有所下降，温度降低会抑制表、中层水体中藻细胞的繁殖速率。

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Due to the surface retardation, the attenuation rate of velocity becomes quicker, which depends on water depth and jet width.

由于水面的阻滞，中轴线上垂向速度的衰减较自由射流快，衰减规律随水深和射流宽度而异。

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It said surface water also accelerated the rate at which new potholes appeared.

BBC: Pothole

Because cold water releases more CO2 into the air than warm water, the rate at which bottom water rises to the surface has a profound effect on the atmosphere above.

CNN: Scientists discover new species in ocean's depths