Super capacitors or "electric double layer capacitors" store charge in a layer of ions adsorbed on the surface of carbon.

超电容器或者“双电介质层电容器”通过吸附碳层表面的离子储存电量。

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The team believes the atmosphere is sustained by high energy particles bombarding its icy surface and kicking up atoms, molecules and ions into the atmosphere.

研究小组认为土卫五的大气环境是由高能粒子轰击土卫五冰封的表面，将土卫五表面的原子，分子和离子撞击到大气中而产生的。

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These larger ions take up more room and are pressed together when the glass cools, producing a layer of compressive stress on the surface of the glass.

这些钾离子占据更大的空间，当玻璃冷却下来的时候，钾离子便挤压在一起，从而在玻璃表面生产一层压应力层。

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In an ultracapacitor, positively charged ions gather on the surface of the negatively charged electrode and negative ions on the surface of the positive electrode.

ECONOMIST: Electricity storage

Their main finding was that a nerve impulse, now known as an action potential, is caused by the movement in opposite directions across the axon's surface membrane of sodium and potassium ions.

ECONOMIST: Andrew Huxley

In MS the damage to myelin exposes channels on the surface of the axon, allowing potassium ions to leak out and thus dissipate the electrical current that carries nerve signals.

FORBES: Two Steps Forward