Experimental results show that the flow characteristics of the "entrance section" are extremely complicated. The flow structure is three-dimensional and there is a big difference between near-surface flow and near-bed flow.
试验结果表明，口门断面是取水分流最敏感的部位，水流结构存在着明显的三维特性，表层流场与底层流场差异较大。
参考来源 - 明渠岸边侧向取水的“取水角效应”研究In this paper, theory of the relation between surface flow and critical slope was introduced. The direction of the rain considered, the critical slope degree of surface erosion was worked out.
本文对坡面径流冲刷与边坡坡度的关系进行了理论研究，推导出在考虑雨滴降落方向时，坡面受雨水冲刷的临界坡度。
参考来源 - 工程边坡绿色防护机理与设计指标研究·2,447,543篇论文数据，部分数据来源于NoteExpress
Errors, like straws, upon the surface flow; he who would search for pearls must dive below.
错误就像浮在水面的稻草；要想寻找珍珠就得潜到他的下面。
Once all this information has been gathered, it becomes possible to judge whether a lake's flow is mainly due to its surface inputs and outputs or to its underground inputs and outputs.
一旦收集了所有这些信息，就有可能可以判断一个湖泊的流量主要是由其表面还是地下的输入和输出导致。
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