Frankly, I have just touched the surface here in this article on flash units for your DSLR.

坦率地说，我在这里仅仅只触及到数码单反相机用闪光灯的一点点皮毛。

youdao

If a binary includes a White Dwarf, gas pulled from a companion onto the White Dwarf's surface can fuse violently in a flash called a nova.

如果一个双星系统包含一个白矮星，从伴星上抽离的气体会落在白矮星的表面，在一瞬间引发猛烈的聚变反应，即新星。

youdao

But what if you don't have a wall or other surface to bounce your flash off of?

但是如果没有墙或天花板可用呢？

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There's barely time to understand what's happening before a flash of silver whale's skin breaks the surface, dips beneath a wave and plunges down to the dark fathoms of the North Atlantic.

BBC: An Icelandic journey to the centre of the earth