The Arctic fox can survive some of the most extreme temperatures on the planet with its thick fur and low surface-area-to-volume ratio.

北极狐拥有厚厚的皮毛，身体的散热面积较小。即使在一些极端的温度下，也能顽强地生存。

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And if you have rough candy with a high ratio of surface area to volume, then there's more places for the bubbles to go.

如果你粗燥的硬糖具有很大的表面积，那么泡泡们就有更多的地方可以去了。

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To remind you of something we learned from biology: the surface area ratio increases when the volume of an object decreases.

要是你还记得的话，上生物课时我们学过：一件物件的表面面积比率，随著物件体积减少而增加。

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The result, they claim in a paper that will appear this month in the Journal of Physical Chemistry, is a nanofibre material with an extremely high ratio of surface-area to volume.

ECONOMIST: Space-age soot