The surface antigen , E antigen , front S1 antigen are negative , the surface antibody , E antibody , core antibody are positive , make an explanation once meaning , whether regards or not please?

表面抗原、E抗原、前S1抗原呈阴性，表面抗体、E抗体、核心抗体呈阳性，请解释一下意思，好不好？

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In this study, researchers at the National cancer Institute, Maryland, used an antibody which targets proteins on the surface of cancerous cells.

在这项研究中，马里兰州国家癌症研究所的研究员们，使用一种能够定位癌细胞表面蛋白质的抗体。

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The feasibility of using protein A to immobilize antibody on the silicon surface of the imaging ellipsometry biosensor was investigated in this study.

研究了在硅片表面上通过A蛋白定向固定抗体分子用于椭偏光学生物传感器免疫检测的可能性。

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As the tip continued its movement across the surface, the antibody was snapped off the antigen and dragged along until it hit another receptive site.

ECONOMIST: Microscopy

So it ought to be possible to test for the presence of a certain antigen on a surface by dragging a suitable antibody over it, and seeing if it gets stuck going fishing, in effect, on a molecular scale.

ECONOMIST: Microscopy

The antibody was then carefully drawn across the surface at a height that allowed it to recognise and bind to any antigens in its path.

ECONOMIST: Microscopy