Some big financial firms, such as Prudential, have closed their research arms.

许多大金融公司，比如保诚集团，已经关闭了他们的研究部门。

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Countries from Singapore to Israel have been adding, or tightening, prudential rules such as maximum loan-to-value ratios on mortgages.

新加坡、以色列等国已经在增加法规或进一步限定法规，例如在房地产上的最大贷款量。

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"This is taxing the federal courts, as we predicted, " says John Stoia, a member of the panel and attorney who has represented insurance policyholders in more than 40 cases against such companies as Prudential (nyse: PRU - news - people ), New York Life and Transamerica Life Insurance.

FORBES: Class-Action Law Gums Up Courts

Lord Turner says that the conventional institutions that we look to provide stability for the financial system and the economy - micro-prudential regulators such as the FSA or central banks like the Bank of England - don't have adequate tools for the task.

BBC: Bank lending 'should be controlled'

Andrew Tyrie, chairman of the Treasury Select Committee, told the BBC that Mr Carney "ticks all the boxes" but added that his committee would question him on matters such as how he will approach macro-prudential stability and what his views on quantitative easing are.

BBC: Mark Carney named new Bank of England governor