However, the spatial data model of main GIS systems only reflect knowledge of management and manipulation objects in field of cartography, such as point, line and poly geometry objects.

当今的GIS系统的空间数据模型，主要反映地图制图领域的点、线、面对象管理与操作的几何知识。

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Fractal is widely used in many fields such as the image data compression, simulation of natural scenery, the growing of fractal geometry and the research of chaos motility system.

分形几何学在图像数据压缩、模拟自然景物，艺术图案设计、分形生长及混沌动力系统的研究等方面有着广泛的应用。

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Finally, using ROSE early-binding and late-binding mode, the data information such as geometry, material and grid is written into the design object to output AP209 file.

最后，利用ROSE类库早、晚两种联编方式，将几何、材料、网格等数据信息写入到设计对象中，生成ap209文件。

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He also points out that, although British pupils are worse than their East Asian counterparts at arithmetic, they are better at higher-order mathematical skills such as geometry and handling data.

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