The information conveyed by the olfactory signals on a buck rub make it the social equivalent of some auditory signals in other deer species, such as trumpeting by bull elk.

雄鹿的摩擦印记发出的嗅觉信号所传递的信息，使其与某些其他鹿类的听觉信号，比如公麋鹿的号角声，产生了相同的社会效果。

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He plans to keep 95% of Silver Bow undeveloped and is negotiating to donate conservation easements to groups such as the Rocky Mountain Elk Foundation, a pro-hunting group, and the Montana Land Reliance, a land trust.

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