These weak points can result in the adversary to cheat the verification group by forgery and substitution attack.

这样的漏洞使得敌手可利用伪造攻击和替换攻击对验证组进行欺骗；

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Furthermore, using zero knowledge idea, a general approach to withstanding the public key substitution attack is given.

进一步利用零知识的思想给出了抵抗公钥替换攻击的一般方法。

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Improved scheme has advantages of nonrepudiation, against he original signer's forgery attack and public key substitution attack etc.

改进的方案具有不可否认性，以及抵抗原签名人的伪造攻击和公钥替换攻击等优点。

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However the substitution introduced new venom to the Liverpool attack and Ngog, the striker who won a controversial penalty against Birmingham in November, went close twice with a header and shot.

BBC: Birmingham 1-1 Liverpool

The introduction of Evans, who was making his competitive debut, proved to be an inspired substitution as the visitor's took a surprise lead with their first meaningful attack three minutes later.

BBC: Slovenia 0-1 Northern Ireland