According to an ecosystem'sessential function of substance circulation, energy exchanges and information transfer, the paper analyzes the function of E-Learning ecosystem.

根据生态系统的物质循环、能量流动和信息传递三大基本功能，分析了网络学习生态系统的功能。

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Compared with labor of substance production, the labor of learning has various characteristics.

与物质生产劳动相比较，学习劳动明显表现出多方面的特征。

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This chocolate festival took place recently in McLean, Virginia. Visitors started by learning about cocoa beans, the main substance used in chocolate.

弗吉尼亚州的麦克莱恩最近正在举行巧克力节的庆祝活动。游客们在这里从了解巧克力中使用的主要原料可可豆开始。

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According to the plan, when the homeless have found a permanent place to live, the state will offer them whatever social services they need to succeed in that house, from substance-abuse counseling to simple help in learning how to shop or how to balance a checkbook.

NPR: Chronically Homeless See New Woes in New Orleans