...种信仰：在客观 概率（Object Probability）没有改变的情况下，他对某个预期 （Expectation）的主观概率（Subject Probability）大大提高了。
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Insurance Actuarial theory is a analysis and forecast subject to all kinds risk of insurance industry by mathematics, probability statistics methods and finance models.
保险精算学是运用数学、概率统计学原理以及多种金融模型对保险业中各种风险因素进行分析预测的学科。
So it is the important subject in probability to study the independence of stochastic variable.
因而，关于随机变量的独立性的研究构成了概率的重要课题。
Study of bankruptcy probability with different risk models is an important subject in risk theory, but its exact expression is not easy to derive under ordinary circumstances.
不同风险模型下的破产概率研究是风险理论的重要课题，但在一般情况下其精确表达式不易求得。
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