Hardiness is an aspect of personality that buffers the effects of stress on health. Hardiness comprises three related sub-concepts, namely, commitment, control, and challenge.

坚韧性是一丛能够保护个体免于应激伤害的人格特质，包括承诺、控制和挑战三部分内容。

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Human being's personality is an integral system. Ideological moral structure, a sub structure subordinated to personality psychology, lies at the center of personality structure.

人的个性是一个完整的体系，思想品德结构是从属于个性心理结构亚结构，处于个性结构的核心。

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The Eysenck Personality Questionnaire included pathology personality, introversion and extroversion, emotion stability, and validity, 4 sub-scales.

艾森克人格量表包括病理人格、内外向、情绪稳定性、效度4个分量表。

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