They wanted to build a waveguide, a structure designed to send light in a particular direction, by drilling carefully spaced holes in a gallium arsenide crystal.

他们只是想通过在砷化镓晶体上钻一些有着细心安排间距的小孔来制造波导（一种能令光传播到特定方向的结构）。

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The result is holes, or “vacancies”, and “interstitials”, where additional atoms have squeezed into the structure.

其结果就是空洞或“空缺”以及“填位”（即多余的原子被挤压进这一结构）。

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This causes holes to be created inside the structure, thus inflating memory.

这将导致在该结构中出现一些空白的地方，从而使内存膨胀。

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It zooms past plot holes, but its ramshackle structure is engaging.

NEWYORKER: In Time

The Brazil defender was left unmarked - and his perfectly placed header clearly rattled Chile, whose increasingly erratic passing prevented them from picking any holes in their opponents' defensive structure.

BBC: Brazil 3-0 Chile

The immigration row also shows up holes in the Sierra Club's structure.

ECONOMIST: Sierra Club elections