Those extemal factors include the difficulties accompanying low-wage work or structural discrimination based on race, gender, or ability.

那些外部因素包括伴随底薪工作而来的困难或基于种族、性别或能力的结构性歧视。

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Structural deficits soon re-emerged, but the bond market no longer seemed to care, as long as the global savings glut kept America's borrowing costs low.

结构性赤字马上再现，但只要全球存款能保住美国低廉的借钱成本，债券市场似乎就不必在意巨大的赤字了。

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"The cautionary tale from Japan is that keeping interest rates low without doing anything to fix structural problems may have little effect," says Mr Rajan.

“来自日本的警醒：保持低利率却不做任何事情来修理的结构性问题可能不会有什么影响，”Rajan先生说。

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Even if European unemployment can fall to, say, 8% before triggering inflation, that is still much higher than America's structural jobless rate, which may be as low as 5%.

ECONOMIST: Growth and jobs

And growth will slow inexorably unless several serious structural weaknesses are fixed, including a faltering education system, low workforce participation and a sometimes sclerotic public sector.

ECONOMIST: The next generation | The

The structural resilience of the EU as a system has been very low (1 on a scale from 1 to 5) since November 2010 and this is certainly not a good omen.

FORBES: America in Danger of Collapse?