On the pulling anchor-cable step, the internal force of beam-on-foundation can be calculated by Winkler hypothesis in the case of weak rock mass and infinite half elastic foundation hypothesis in the case of stratums that are of some elastic characteristics.
在张拉阶段，可以采用温克尔假定计算破碎软弱岩体上的地梁内力；对于有较好弹性性质的地层，则可按弹性半无限体地基计算地梁内力。
参考来源 - 桩与地梁结构设计计算及工程应用研究Since 1978,the structure of society keeps changing continually. Now there have been ten stratums in China.
1978年以来，我国社会阶层结构不断地变迁，根据中国社科院的《当代中国社会阶层研究报告》，目前在中国已经出现了十大阶层。
参考来源 - 我国当代社会阶层分化与传媒发展探析·2,447,543篇论文数据，部分数据来源于NoteExpress
Main stratums of exploration are Permian and Carboniferous.
勘探层位以石炭系和二叠系为主。
It is one of the stratums which are lower degree of exploration and research in the Qaidam basin.
柴达木盆地石炭系主要分布在柴东地区，是该盆地勘探和研究程度较低的层系之一。
Because there exists market failure, the middle and lower income stratums usually show insufficient paying ability.
但是由于市场存在着内外部的缺陷，中低收入阶层在居住方面往往表现为支付能力不足。
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