If you want to maintain a single instance of a variable for all instances of a class, you will use static-class member variables to do it.
如果您想为一个类的所有实例维持一个变量的实例，将会用到静态类成员变量。
the pattern should be a static member in the class.
则模式应是类中的静态成员。
Which function is used to initialize the static class member?
它的功能是用来初始化静态类成员？
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