Assuming the agent’s consumption must exceed the habit formation, under the restriction of no bankruptcy, get the conclusion that the optimal policy is influenced by the agent’s history consumption, real disposable income and state price density ( ).
在假定个人消费必须大于消费习惯,即当个人消费小于消费习惯时,效用为负无穷的条件及不破产的约束条件下,分析得到最优政策受到个人历史消费、个人实际可支配收入、状态价格密度等的影响。
参考来源 - 存在税收的最优消费和投资组合研究·2,447,543篇论文数据，部分数据来源于NoteExpress
That makes it more likely that the price of state support for zombie companies will be that bondholders take write-downs along with shareholders, in order to protect taxpayers and policy holders.
这样一来，国家为支持那些僵尸公司所付出的代价就很可能是债券持有者与股东需要同时背书来保护纳税人和投保人。
Should the state prohibit price gouging, even if doing so interferes with the freedom of buyers and sellers to make whatever deals they choose?
即便会影响到求购者与出售者之间达成交易的自由，国家也应该严禁价格欺诈吗？
Price controls are unheard of and state ownership is confined to a couple of old, rickety nuclear-power plants.
价格控制前所未闻，而国家仅对几个老旧失修的核电站有产权。
The price of a smoke varies widely across the United States, because each state sets the tax imposed on the retail sale of a pack of cigarettes.
VOA: standard.2010.08.11
These are phony claims meant to divide us,". In the Republican Party response, Congressman Tom Price from the Southern state of Georgia says Mr.Obama is not telling the exact truth about health care.
VOA: standard.2009.08.22
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