Top-down -- Start from an existing XML description of the interface (XML schema, DTD, WSDL), derive the XML data model, and generate the mapping/conversion code.

自顶向下——从现有的接口 XML 描述（XML 模式、DTD、WSDL）开始，派生 XML 数据模型，并生成映射/转换代码。

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We'll start with an introduction to conversion and validation procedures as they apply to the JSF lifecycle, then demonstrate a default conversion and validation procedure in a simple JSF application.

首先我们将介绍应用于JSF生命周期的转换和验证过程，然后展示一个简单的JSF应用程序中的默认转换和验证过程。

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Subscribers, revenue, and conversion rates are a good place to start.

比如订阅者，收入和转化率都是不错的起始关注目标。

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One week later, conversion rates start to rise, salvaging what could have been a Grinch-like holiday season.

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Even a small conversion will start an important five-year clock running.

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In other countries subsidies helped to kick-start demand, but Britain's system of conversion grants was badly run, and eventually fell foul of European state-aid rules.

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