So when you put these observational studies together with a 'gold standard' clinical trial, the findings are overwhelming."

VOA: standard.2010.07.21

Burke said that actually does seem to help, based on randomized studies - the researcher's gold standard.

VOA: standard.2010.06.17

Instrumental variable analysis attempts to do just that, standing in contrast to the standard approach used in clinical studies.

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Studies show that at standard, long term, market investment returns, for an average income, two earner couple, over a career the accounts would accumulate to close to a million dollars or more.

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In a statement to the BBC, Exxon Mobil said that before drilling offshore "it is standard industry practice to conduct extensive studies at and below the seabed" to check for hazards, using tools including remote sonar and a magnetometer.

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