For applications to function in a dual stack environment, you must implement dual mode cells.

要使应用程序在双堆栈环境中正常工作，您必须实现双模式单元。

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The purpose behind each software stack is the application level: the applications are the real value in the software stack.

每个软件堆栈的最终目的都与应用程序有关：应用程序是软件堆栈的真正价值所在。

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SOA applications run on a heavy middleware stack or a platform.

SOA 应用程序在重型中间件堆栈或平台上运行。

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Among tech companies, different strategies are emerging as some companies decide to be specialized niche players while a very small number of other tech vendors choose to play at one or more levels of the 3-tier cloud stack: applications (SaaS), platforms (PaaS), and infrastructure (IaaS).

FORBES: The Cloud Revolution and Creative Destruction

Waratek will let an enterprise swap out the middle layer of its software stack without changing its applications and significantly increase the density in data centers.

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