Due to the special structure of degenerate systems, studies on degenerate systems are much more complex than that on classical linear systems, which attracted many scholars in interest and importance.
由于退化系统结构的特殊性，使对退化系统的研究比一般经典的线性系统的研究要复杂得多，这引起了众多学者的兴趣和重视。
The system of teaching activities is a special complex system; it has the characteristics of non-linear, irreducibility, self-organization, contingency, openness etc.
课堂教学活动是一个特殊的复杂系统，具有非线性、不可还原性、自组织性、偶然性和开放性等特征。
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