38. Some geologists，however，on the basis of observations concerning mantle xenoliths， argue that the mantle is not layered，but that heterogeneity is created by fluids rich in "incompatible elements" （elements tending toward liquid rather than solid state）percolating upward and transforming portions of the upper mantle irregularly，according to the vagaries of the fluids’ pathways.
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So, in recent years, some geologists have used plate tectonic theory to make what they call geopredictions.
因此，近年来，一些地质学家会利用板块构造理论来进行他们所谓的地质预测。
Some geologists believe that the Americas will continue to move westward and eventually merge with East Asia.
一些地质学家认为，美洲将继续向西移动，最终与东亚合并。
Some geologists wondered whether the absence of friction-generated heat could be explained by the kinds of rock composing the fault.
一些地质学家想知道，是否可以用构成断层的岩石来解释没有摩擦产生的热量。
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