Objective To assess excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) using the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) and to examine the main cause of EDS.

目的使用爱泼沃斯思睡量表（ESS）对帕金森病（PD）患者日间过度思睡（EDS）及其相关因素进行评价。

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Subjects rated their sleepiness on a scale of 1 (very alert) to 9 (very sleepy) four times in each experiment.

WSJ: Skin Cancer, Driving and Men