The proposed architecture achieves 8 times throughput rate of conventional DA based on shift-add with 50% extra hardware cost.

文章提出的结构以50%的额外硬件资源，实现基于循环累加的传统DA结构8倍的数据处理速度。

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Coefficients of the multipliers are transformed into CSD forms and the multiplications are substitute by minimum shift-add operations.

把乘法器系数表示为CSD形式，将常系数乘法优化为最少的移位加操作。

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Compared with the floating-point computing method, the shift-add operation is simpler, and can be implemented easily by VLSI, which enables the real-time image processing to be realized by hardware.

相对于浮点计算法，移位-加操作最大的优点是计算简单，特别易于超大规模集成电路实现，因而使硬件实时处理图像信号成为可能。

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By using consumer technology to perform work tasks, employees no longer have to squeeze everything into a typical eight-hour shift, and they can add nearly an hour to their workday.

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Netflix introduced its standalone video streaming service in the U.S. in 2011, marking a significant shift from its earlier business model of offering streaming as an add-on service to DVDs.

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Add to that the fact that Halloween has undergone a shift from a sort of silly, kid- and candy-centric affair to a full-blown event for adults.

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