Generally the numerical stimulation on flow field and temperature field of shell distance is based on porous medium model.

以往对换热器壳程流场和温度场的数值模拟都是建立在多孔介质模型基础上进行的，存在许多问题。

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The level of noise we hear also depends on the Angle and distance of the shell from the ear.

我们听到声音的大小同时也取决于贝壳与耳朵的角度及距离。

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a perfectly spherical shell dr at some distance, thickness, d r, dr we talk about it as 4 pi r squared d r, so we just multiply that by the probability density.

在某个地方的完美球型壳层,厚度，我们把它叫做4πr平方，我们仅仅是把它,乘以概率密度。

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So, basically what we're saying is if we take any shell that's at some distance away from the nucleus, we can think about what the probability is of finding an electron at that radius, and that's the definition we gave to the radial probability distribution.

本质上我们说的就是,如果我们在距离原子核,某处取一个壳层，我们可以考虑在这个半径处,发现电子的概率，这就是我们给出的,径向概率密度的定义。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

So, what we can do to actually get a probability instead of a probability density that we're talking about is to take the wave function squared, which we know is probability density, and multiply it by the volume of that very, very thin spherical shell that we're talking about at distance r.

我们能得到一个概率,而不是概率密度的方法,就是取波函数的平方，也就是概率密度，然后把它乘以一个在ｒ处的,非常非常小的,壳层体积。

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r And what that is the probability of finding an electron in some shell where we define the thickness as d r, some distance, r, from the nucleus.

在某个位置为,厚度为dr的壳层内,找到原子,的概率，我们来考虑下我们这里所说的。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

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He said Sapper Smith was 866ft (264m) from the shell's target when he was hit, but safety guidelines recommended a distance of 1, 640ft (500m) from smoke shells to allow for error.

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