2、二级负荷（second order load） 突然停电，企业连续生产过程被打乱，且需要长时间才能恢复，或 出现大量废品、大量原材料报废、大量减产，在经济上造成较大的 损...
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Making use of equivalent principle of second order effect, the load on middle stories is converted into that at top and the approximate formula for the critical load of the system is suggested.
利用二阶效应等效的原则，提出将中间层荷载等效为柱顶荷载的近似折减方法，提出结构稳定承载力的近似公式。
The third aspect is that the direction variety of the lateral load of the structure leads to the change of the influence caused by second-order effects on the internal force of whole structure.
第三个方面是由于结构所受的横向荷载的方向变化，引起的二阶效应对整个结构内力影响的变化。
The precise formula of node force fitted second order distributed load is developed sing virtual work principle.
使用虚功原理和位移线性插值推导了满足二次分布力作用的精确节点力分配公式。
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