Russia, Canada and Denmark, prompted in part by years of warming and the ice retreat this year, ratcheted up rhetoric and actions aimed at securing sea routes and seabed resources.

俄罗斯、加拿大和丹麦，促使部分今年年的变暖，冰撤退，加大言辞和行动旨在保障海上航线和海底资源。

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Natural resources in the open seas are regarded as the common properties for all humans. Based on that idea, such resources are managed by the International Seabed Authority (ISBA) set up in 1994.

公海里的自然资源被视为全人类的共同财产，基于这个理念，此类资源由1994年成立的国际海底管理局管辖。

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Core sampling drill for deep seabed shallow strata is necessary equipment in exploration of deep seabed mineral resources and survey of deep seabed geology etc.

深海浅地层岩芯取样钻机是进行深海底矿产资源勘探、深海底地质调查等不可缺少的重大技术装备。

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With the support of the British government, UK Seabed Resources has secured a licence from the United Nations to explore an area of seabed twice the size of Wales and 4, 000m deep.

BBC: UK Seabed Resources joins deep-ocean mineral-mining rush

Stephen Ball, chief executive officer of Lockheed Martin UK, owner of UK Seabed Resources, says the engineering experience of offshore oil and gas operations and the trend to rising mineral prices have now combined to make seabed mining feasible.

BBC: UK Seabed Resources joins deep-ocean mineral-mining rush

The authority was set up to encourage and manage this new sector but any future business, such as the Lockheed Martin subsidiary UK Seabed Resources, will have to pay royalties to the authority to be distributed to developing countries.

BBC: UK Seabed Resources joins deep-ocean mineral-mining rush