"When you replace soil and grass with concrete and asphalt, you alter the balance of energy that occurs at the earth's surface, " says Dr. Robert Bornstein, a professor of meteorology at SanJoseStateUniversity in California.
Cathy Cheal, senior academic technology officer at SanJoseStateUniversity in California, which recently accepted several MOOCs for credit, said the key to avoiding cheating online is to structure courses so students are constantly engaged and have to answer questions every few minutes.