Same sort of subtraction problem, what do we have for the ionization energy of the 2 s electron?

进行类似的减法运算，得到的，2,s，电子的电离能应该是多大呢？

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So let's think about the energy required now to remove a 2 s electron, let's say we're removing it from boron plus 1 versus neutral boron.

那么让我们来想一想，拿走一个，2,s，电子所消耗的能量，假设一个是从正一价硼离子中拿走1，另一个是从中性硼原子中拿走。

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A laser pulse can modify the electron s state so that it has the density distribution shown in green.

一束激光脉冲可以改变电子的状态，使得其有了图中绿色显示的密度分布。

youdao

So, the size still for an s orbital is larger than for a d orbital, but what we say is that an s electron can actually penetrate closer to the nucleus.

轨道的尺寸比,ｐ轨道还是要大，但我们说的是ｓ轨道可以,穿透到更接近原子核的地方。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

And we know that it's electron density between the nuclei that holds two atoms together in a bond.

我们知道是两个原子核之间的,电子密度保持两个原子在一起成键的。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

So this tells you that it's electron structure that governs.

这告诉你们,都是电子结构在支配。

麻省理工公开课 - 固态化学导论课程节选

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