The first field (drwxrwxr-x or -rw-rw-r-- in this case) tells us whether the file is a directory (d) or a regular file (-).

第一个字段（本例中为 drwxrwxr-x 或 -rw-rw-r--）告诉我们，文件是一个目录 (d) 还是一个普通文件 (-)。

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This thesis would study and design a rw and its controller, and put forward a new pattern rw which can meet various requirements.

本文对反作用飞轮及其控制器进行了探讨，提出并设计了一种新型的反作用飞轮，能很好地满足多种要求。

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Then, some retaining wall systems prevalent internationally such as MSE-RW, RRR-RW, soil-nailed RW, MRS-RW and GRS-RW, SRW-RW are introduced.

介绍了国际上流行的MSE挡土墙、RRR挡土墙、土钉挡土墙、GRS-RW挡土墙、MRS-RW挡土墙、SRW挡土墙等几种新型挡土墙体系；

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Some existing CD-RW drives require that the whole CD-RW disc be erased before new data can be written to it.

CNN: Verbatim to ship first 4X CD-RW drive

We judge CD-RW packet-writing performance by copying a folder containing 100MB of files to a CD-RW disc three times: first to the newly formatted blank disc, again after deleting the files from the first copy operation, and finally by overwriting the files from the second operation.

CNN: Top 5 CD-rewritable drives

Next week at Comdex, Verbatim will roll out the 4420, which the company claims is the first CD-RW drive that offers 4X write on both CD-R and CD-RW media. (Current drives are limited to 2X write speeds for CD-RW.) The drive reads CD-ROMs, CD-R, and CD-RW media at 20X.

CNN: Verbatim to ship first 4X CD-RW drive