In response to this, smallholders have developed strategies for (ex ante) risk management and (ex post) risk coping.

为此，小农制定了(事前)风险管理和(事后)风险应对战略。

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Identifying those at greater risk of developing chronic pain in response to medical procedures, trauma or diseases could lead to new preventive strategies and potential treatments.

医疗行为，创伤或者疾病会导致慢性疼痛。而找出那些有更高风险患上慢性疼痛的人群可能有助于找到新的预防措施和治疗方法。

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