The trader entered one or several fake operations in the systems so that they could be taken into account in risk calculation and value of the portfolio....

经纪人进行系统中的一或多个伪造操作，以便这些操作能在风险计算和资产组合价值中被考虑进来……

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Risk assessment is an essential step of loan or insurance underwriting processes, and the risk grade calculation operation usually lends itself very naturally to a business rule based implementation.

风险评估是贷款或保险承保流程必不可少的一步，且风险等级计算操作通常有助于基于业务规则的实现。

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Markets were not just pricing-in a realistic calculation of the reduction in risk and a reduced risk of an L-shaped near-depression.

市场价格并不是依据风险的真实减少和L型准衰退风险的降低来定价。

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According to Navin Bathija, Neo's CEO, the company does review a user's credit report for red flags and but doesn't use the FICO score in its risk calculation.

WSJ: Bad Credit? Start Tweeting

Also clouding the calculation of risk is uncertainty over the number of women who received any implant.

WSJ: Breast-Implant Risk Remains a Fluid Question

But Waldrum and his colleagues carried out a theoretical calculation of the risk of loss of life due to lightning in a similar building frequented by large numbers of people, in a similar setting - assuming the lack of any lightning protection.

BBC: What is the chance of lightning striking St Peter's?