The writ system stipulated the form of action, which formed the principle of procedures preceding right in the common law.

令状对诉讼形式的规定使普通法形成了程序先于权利原则，并使英国法在司法审判中通过判例得以积累。

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Six courts of appeal have ruled that a private right of action exists, while three have ruled such a right cannot be found in common law.

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