The first group has bought the bonds or loans at a discount and is looking for a quick return; the second, having paid the full price, would prefer to hold on in hope of a higher payout.

前者购买打折的债券或贷款，并希望获得快速回报；后者全额付款，则更喜欢持有一段时间以期更高回报。

youdao

In return, they charge their clients a fee on top of high interest rates imposed on the loans.

作为交换条件，除高额利息外，他们还向客户收取一定的费用。

youdao

Banks' buffers of deposits should also shrink, relative to loans, as the savings rate falls and as people move cash into higher-return shares and bonds (earning Banks fees in the process).

银行存款的缓冲作用相对于贷款来说，也应该会减小，因为储蓄率降低而且人们把钱放到了回报率高的股票和国债上。

youdao

It also wants to make the government a majority shareholder in return for part of the emergency loans it has received.

VOA: special.2009.05.01

Sensing that they'll not achieve a market rate of return on their loans, savers are seeking alternatives to putting money in the bank, where they'll achieve negligible rates of interest on their savings.

FORBES: Political Economy

The banks pay little attention to risk and do not expect much of a return: perhaps 40-50% of loans are non-performing.

ECONOMIST: A reheated economy

All of which is to say that central banks have to a large extent displaced the market, providing record volumes of loans to banks, and in return for assets or collateral of increasing diversity and - arguably - diminishing quality.

BBC: Should JP Morgan have listened to Winters?