Although there are several categories within equity, the two biggest are paid-in capital and retained earnings.

普通股内部也有诸多子分类，但实入资本与留存收益是两个最大的部分。

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If one had used a narrower definition - equity and retained earnings only - the results would almost surely have been different.

如果人们用的是更狭义的界定标准——仅用股本和留存收益——那么结果几乎肯定会不一样。

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Owners' equity comprises capital contributed by owners, gains and losses directly recognised in owners' equity, retained earnings etc.

所有者权益的来源包括所有者投入的资本、直接计入所有者权益的利得和损失、留存收益等。

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Now companies that finance themselves through equity and retained earnings, including giants like Apple and Google, will have the edge as interest rates rise.

FORBES: Debt-Free Firms Have The Edge With Rates Going Up

Another way in which regulators have tried to keep banks' heads above water is to force them to match a proportion of their risky assets (ie, loans) with capital, in the form of equity or retained earnings.

ECONOMIST: The business of banking | The

Those capital requirements would have to be in common equity money retained from profit or raised through the sale of stock.

FORBES: Fixing 'Too Big To Tolerate' Banks