Any external shunt resistance across the voltage source will attenuate the measured voltage, as shown in Figure 2-3.

跨接在电压源上的任何外部分流电阻都会使测量的电压衰减，如图2 - 3所示。

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Notice that this is a two-wire resistance measurement compared to using the electrometer voltmeter and external current source, which can make a four-wire measurement.

注意，这种测量方法是两线电阻测量，而使用静电计电压表和外部电流源则可以进行四线测量。

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Although input bias current is a common source of this type of error, currents generated by external circuits can also result in errors due to voltage drops across the source resistance.

虽然输入偏置电流是这种误差的常见来源，但是外电路产生的电流在源电阻上形成的电压降也能引起误差。

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Plants have long been selected by nature and bred by humans or irradiated to create mutants with enhanced resistance or tolerance to external threats to their survival and productivity.

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The current three-day surge is the strongest for the major averages in three months, but with resistance looming the potential for an external factor to spark another downturn (like, say, the Fed ending its QE2 program Thursday) is certainly important to keep in mind.

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